> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.gridstatus.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.gridstatus.io/data-guides/lmp-dataset-overviews.md). # LMP Dataset Overviews While the overarching structure of LMPs are similar from market to market, their implementation and provided data varies in each region. This document will serve as grounding in some market discrepancies as well the available data. Unless otherwise noted, "final" prices used in settlements are the standard day-ahead hourly and real-time five-minute values. This varies by market, and you should check with your scheduling coordinator, settlements department, and the ISO itself as this information may change. Currently, we collect at least the basics (and likely more) from each ISO. Some markets have complex and idiosyncratic LMP datasets beyond real-time five-minute and day-ahead hourly. We are constantly working to integrate those datasets, prioritizing based on customer requests. If there are particular datasets you want to see, reach out at . ### Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) At a high level, price data in ERCOT is divided into two categories: LMPs and settlement point prices. As of the end of 2024, ERCOT has more than 18,000 prices buses, but less than 1,000 settlement points. Generally, SPP prices are useful for analyzing settlement prices for existing resources and comparison to Hub and Zone prices. Bus-based LMPs are useful to understand the entirety of ERCOT's system or prospect for new development locations. You won't find Hubs or Zones in by bus datasets, only settlement point data. One major difference between ERCOT and other markets is the lack of LMP components in the data published by the market. The congestion component can be calculated as the difference between price at a particular location and either Hub or Bus average (we use Hub to show ERCOT congestion on our nodal price map). ERCOT ignores losses, and as such there is no ready derivation for outside observers. **LMPs** LMPs are provided per bus and settlement point. They are hourly in the day-ahead, nominally five-minutes in real-time, and also have an indicative (forecast) pass. All LMP by Bus datasets include one location type: *electrical bus*. LMPs for Settlement Points include LMPs for other elements, such as *Load Zones*, *Resource Nodes*, *DC Ties*, and *Trading Hubs*. * [ERCOT LMP By Bus](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_lmp_by_bus) - real-time LMPs by bus, typically produced by SCED on a five-minute schedule. * [ERCOT LMP By Bus DAM](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_lmp_by_bus_dam) - day-ahead LMPs, produced for each bus in hourly intervals * [ERCOT LMP By Settlement Point](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_lmp_by_settlement_point) - real-time LMPs by settlement point, typically produced by SCED on a five-minute schedule. * [ERCOT Indicative LMP by Settlement Point](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_indicative_lmp_by_settlement_point) - Every five minutes ERCOT publishes a set of SCED-RTD indicative LMPs for the following 12 intervals. **Settlement Point Prices** Other than only being provided for settlement points, the largest difference is in real-time where settlement point prices are derived from LMPs as well as price adders to calculate 15-minute prices used in settlements. SPP location types include: *Load Zones*, *Resource Nodes*, *DC Ties*, and *Trading Hubs*. * [ERCOT SPP Real Time 15 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_spp_real_time_15_min) - Real-time, 15-minute settlement point prices for settlement points in ERCOT. * [ERCOT SPP Day Ahead Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_spp_day_ahead_hourly) - Day-ahead, hourly settlement point prices for settlement points in ERCOT. * [ERCOT SPP Real Time Price Corrections](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_spp_real_time_price_corrections) - ERCOT-published price corrections for the real-time SPP series. * [ERCOT SPP Day Ahead Price Corrections](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/ercot_spp_day_ahead_price_corrections) - ERCOT-published price corrections for the day-ahead SPP series. ### New York ISO (NYISO) LMPs are properly called Location-based marginal prices (LBMPs) in New York as those involved in the market's conception identified locational as grammatically incorrect. We use the generic LMP nomenclature, even in NYISO, but it's useful to be aware of this difference when reviewing ISO documents. NYISO is unique among US RTO/ISOs in that it only calculates prices for a references bus, load zones, external interfaces, and generators. It does not price at buses. This means that despite a smaller market (ISO-NE), NYISO LMP data is the smallest in terms of row count. Another distinguishing element is present in NYISO's raw notation. In NYISO LMPs, a negative congestion component results in a higher LMP value, which is the opposite of other ISOs. Thus, we flip the sign on the congestion component before inserting into our database to maintain consistency with other ISOs. This means that in our database, LMP = Energy + Congestion + Loss * [NYISO LMP Real Time 5 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/nyiso_lmp_real_time_5_min) - Real-time, typically five-minute LMPs for locations in NYISO. Similar to other markets, the five-minute pricing pass can generate off-interval pricing under specific conditions. Produced from the Real-Time Dispatch (RTD) process. * [NYISO LMP Day Ahead Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/nyiso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly) - Day-ahead, hourly LMPs for locations in NYISO. * [NYISO LMP Real Time 15 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/nyiso_lmp_real_time_15_min) - Properly Real Time Commitment (RTC) values. RTC Runs every 15 minutes and looks ahead 2.5 hours. RTC runs are only binding for commitment and then only at the beginning of a run's output, with the remainder advisory. This process is similar to the one which produces ERCOT's Indicative SPP prices. 5-minute RTD prices are the prices used in calculating settlements. ### PJM Interconnection (PJM) PJM has the typical five-minute real-time and hourly day-ahead LMP data as well as feeds with "Settlements Verified" LMPs for the aggregate and zonal PNodes used for settlement. The non-verified feeds contain all locations types, including *Zone*, *Hub*, *Aggregate*, *Interface*, *EHV*, *Bus*, and others. * [PJM LMP Real Time 5 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/pjm_lmp_real_time_5_min) - Real-time, five-minute LMPs as reported by PJM for all locations. * [PJM LMP Real Time Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/pjm_lmp_real_time_hourly) - Real-time, hourly LMPs as reported by PJM for all locations. * [PJM Settlements Verified LMP 5 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/pjm_settlements_verified_lmp_5_min) - Verified, real-time, five-minute LMPs for the aggregate and zonal PNodes used for settlement in PJM. Does not include the location type *Bus*. * [PJM LMP IT SCED 5 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/pjm_lmp_it_sced_5_min) - Five-minute real-time prices from the Intermediate-Term Security Constrained Economic Dispatch engine ( IT-SCED). The prices in this dataset cover individual ties between bordering areas and PJM as well as aggregate prices for ties between PJM and MISO and all PJM ties. * [PJM LMP Day Ahead Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/pjm_lmp_day_ahead_hourly) - Day-ahead, hourly, LMPs reported by PJM for all locations. * [PJM Settlements Verified LMP Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/pjm_settlements_verified_lmp_hourly) - Verified, day-ahead, hourly LMPs for the aggregate and zonal PNodes used for settlement in PJM. Does not include the location type *Bus*. ### Southwest Power Pool (SPP) Like ERCOT, SPP divides price data into by *bus* and by settlement point and other aggregates. The non-bus price datasets include *Settlement Location*, *Interface*, and *Hub* location types. Pricing by bus includes all nodes in SP's commercial model. SPP also administers the Western Energy Imbalance Service market (WEIS), which is included in the list below. * [SPP LMP Real Time 5 min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/spp_lmp_real_time_5_min) - Real-time, five-minute LMPs reported by SPP. Does not include buses. * [SPP LMP Real Time By Bus](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/spp_lmp_real_time_by_bus) - Real-time, five-minute LMPs reported by SPP for buses. * [SPP LMP Day Ahead Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/spp_lmp_day_ahead_hourly) - Day-ahead, hourly LMPs reported by SPP. Does not include buses. * SPP LMP Day Ahead By Bus - Day-ahead, hourly LMPs reported by SPP for buses. * [SPP LMP Real Time WEIS](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/spp_lmp_real_time_weis) - Real-time, five-minute LMP data for WEIS. WEIS is a real-time only balancing market administered by SPP in the Western Interconnect. ### California ISO (CAISO) * [CAISO LMP Real Time 5 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/caiso_lmp_real_time_5_min) - Real-time, five-minute LMPs as reported by CAISO for all locations in CAISO. This includes locations in CAISO-administered real-time balancing markets. * [CAISO LMP Day Ahead Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/caiso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly) - Day-ahead, hourly LMPs as reported by CAISO. Some non-CAISO western locations are included due to transmission ties and specific contracts. * [CAISO LMP Real Time 15 Min](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/caiso_lmp_real_time_15_min) - The 15-minute market in CAISO is conducted by utilizing Real-Time Unit Commitment pass, RTUC (similar to NYISO's RTC). Timing gets complicated, so here are two snippets from CAISO's tariff. First, one on conducting the fifteen-minute market:
> The CAISO conducts the Fifteen Minute Market using the second interval of each RTUC run horizon as follows: (1) at approximately 7.5 minutes prior to the first Trading Hour, for T-45 minutes to T+60 minutes where the binding interval is T-30 to T-15; (2) at approximately 7.5 minutes into the current hour for T-30 minutes to T+60 minutes where the binding interval is T-15 to T; (3) at approximately 22.5 minutes into the current hour for T-15 minutes to T+60 minutes for the binding interval T to T+15; and (4) at approximately 37.5 minutes into the current hour for T to T+60 minutes for the binding interval T+15 to T+30, where T is the beginning of the next Trading Hour. and a second on RTUC in general: > RTUC is run at the following time intervals: (1) at approximately 12 minutes prior to the first Trading Hour, to serve as the HASP run, for T-45 minutes to T+60 minutes; (2) at approximately 7.5 minutes into the current hour for T30 minutes to T+60 minutes; (3) at approximately 22.5 minutes into the current hour for T-15 minutes to T+60 minutes; and (4) at approximately 37.5 minutes into the current hour for T to T+60 minutes, where T is the beginning of the next Trading Hour. The HASP is a special RTUC run that is performed at approximately 67.5 minutes before each Trading Hour and has the additional responsibility of pre-dispatching Energy and awarding Ancillary Services for HASP Block Intertie Schedules. ### Midcontinent ISO (MISO) MISO's naming conventions around LMPs are special. Both prelim and final are present, but so are ex ante and ex post. That right, MISO brings ceremony to LMPs with Latin. Ex ante meaning "before" and ex post meaning "after". Ex ante prices come from the SCED process, ex post prices are then calculated from the SCED-Pricing process. Final prices are published in thee days following the market day, these are the prices which are used in settlements. In MISO's documentation you will also come across the term ELMP, in which the "E" stands for Extended. Their implementation of ELMPs began in 2015 and addressed issues identified as early as 2005 by MISO's IMM (never let it be said that ISO software changes are easy). To put it simply, ELMPs allow fast start resources to set the price, under the original system these resources would not be picked up as marginal and so the system would come to inefficient and more expensive outcomes. * [MISO LMP Day Ahead Hourly Ex Ante](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/miso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly_ex_ante) - Day-ahead, hourly, Ex-Ante, LMPs publishing by MISO prior to the operating day. Ex-Ante LMPs are published in the early afternoon of the day prior to the market day, several hours before the Ex-Post day-ahead LMPs. * [MISO LMP Day Ahead Hourly Ex Post](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/miso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly_ex_post) - Day-ahead, hourly, Ex-Post, LMPs publishing by MISO prior to the operating day. * [MISO LMP Real Time 5 Min Ex Ante](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/miso_lmp_real_time_5_min_ex_ante) - Ex-Ante, real-time, five-minute, LMPs in MISO. * [MISO LMP Real Time 5 Min Ex Post Prelim](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/miso_lmp_real_time_5_min_ex_post_prelim) - Preliminary Ex-Post real-time five-minute LMPs in MISO. * [MISO LMP Real Time 5 Min Ex Post Final](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/miso_lmp_real_time_5_min_ex_post_final) - Final Ex Post real-time five-minute LMPs in MISO. * [MISO LMP Real Time Hourly Ex Post Prelim](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/miso_lmp_real_time_hourly_ex_post_prelim) - Preliminary, hourly, real-time, Ex Post LMPs from MISO. * [MISO LMP Real Time Hourly Ex Post Final](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/miso_lmp_real_time_hourly_ex_post_final) - Final hourly real-time LMPs for each Pnode in MISO. ### ISO New England (ISO-NE) For real-time hourly preliminary prices, the values are published as soon as practicable after the operating hour has concluded. 5-minute real-time prices are made available in approximately real-time. * [ISONE LMP Real Time 5 Min Prelim](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/isone_lmp_real_time_5_min_prelim) - Preliminary, real-time five-minute LMPs. * [ISONE LMP Day Ahead Hourly](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/isone_lmp_day_ahead_hourly) - Day-ahead hourly LMPs, includes all locations in ISO-NE * [ISONE LMP Real-Time 5 min Final](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/isone_lmp_real_time_5_min_final) - Final, real-time, five-minute LMPs. * [ISONE LMP Real-Time Hourly Final](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/isone_lmp_real_time_hourly_final) - Final, real-time, hourly LMPs. * [ISONE LMP Real-Time Hourly Prelim](https://www.gridstatus.io/datasets/isone_lmp_real_time_hourly_prelim) - Final, real-time, hourly LMPs. ### Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO) On May 1st, 2025, IESO's Market Renewal Program (MRP) introduced nodal pricing and LMPs to the broader market (learn more at our blog [here](https://blog.gridstatus.io/market-renewal-in-ontario/)). This change shifted Ontario from its previous uniform market-wide clearing prices to a nodal pricing system like ISOs and RTOs in the United States. This new system generates both hourly day-ahead and five-minute real-time prices. LMPs are now calculated for generation, external ties, demand response aggregations (DRAs), virtual zones, and select buses. One notable holdover from the previous market is the Ontario Zonal Price (ONZP). The ONZP is a province-wide load weighted LMP that will be used to settle transactions for participants such as passive loads, similar to the previous market's hourly Ontario energy price (HOEP). Day Ahead data should fill after the successful completion of the day ahead model run, approximately 13:30 ET. MRP also introduced virtual trading to Ontario. Nine virtual zones are assigned both day ahead and real time LMPs, which will be used to settle virtual transactions. Market participants make financially binding day ahead transactions that are settled to the real time zonal price. Nodal-level virtual trading is not a part of the market, which is similar to NYISO. To obtain a complete view of either day-ahead or real-time prices across all facets of the system, the nodal, virtual zone, intertie and Ontario-wide LMPs are all required. * [IESO LMP Day Ahead Hourly LMPs](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly) - Day-ahead hourly LMPs broken into component costs for generators, selected buses, and DRAs. * [IESO LMP Day Ahead Hourly Virtual Zonal](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly_virtual_zonal) - Day-ahead hourly LMPs for Ontario’s nine virtual trading zones broken into component costs. IESO's virtual zones are East, Essa, Niagara, Northeast, Northwest, Ottawa, Southwest, Toronto, and West. * [IESO LMP Day Ahead Hourly Ontario Zonal](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly_ontario_zonal) - Day ahead hourly LMPs and their component costs for the ONZP. * [IESO LMP Day Ahead Hourly Intertie](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly_intertie) - Day-ahead hourly LMPs and their component costs for Ontario’s intertie points. Interfaces by neighboring region * **Québec (PQ)**: PQ.BEAUHARNOIS\_PQBE, PQ.BRYSON\_PQXY, PQ.KIPAWA\_PQHZ, PQ.MACLAREN\_PQDA, PQ.MASSON\_PQHA, PQ.OUTAOUAIS\_PQAT, PQ.PAUGAN\_PQPC, PQ.QUYON\_PQQC, PQ.RAPIDDESISLE\_PQDZ * **New York ISO (NY)**: EC.MARITIMES\_NYSI, NY.ROSETON\_NYSI * **Manitoba (MB)**: MB.SEVENSISTERS\_MBSK, MB.WHITESHELL\_MBSI * **Michigan (MI)**: MI.LUDINGTON\_MISI, MI.LUDINGTON.SOURCE, WC.PRAIRERANGES\_MISI, MD.CALVERTCLIFF\_MISI, MD.CALVERTCLIFF\_NYSI * **Minnesota (MN)**: MN.INTFALLS\_MNSI * [IESO LMP Day Ahead Hourly All](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly_all)- Day-ahead hourly LMPs and their component costs for all pricing locations in Ontario, including virtual zones, interties, and the Ontario Zonal Price. * [IESO LMP Real Time 5 Min](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_real_time_5_min) - Real-time 5 minute nodal LMPs and their component costs. * [IESO LMP Real Time 5 Min Virtual Zonal](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_real_time_5_min_virtual_zonal) - Real-time 5 minute LMPs for Ontario’s nine virtual trading zones broken into component costs. IESO's virtual zones are East, Essa, Niagara, Northeast, Northwest, Ottawa, Southwest, Toronto, and West. * [IESO LMP Real Time 5 Min Ontario Zonal](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_real_time_5_min_ontario_zonal) - Real-time 5 minute LMPs and their component costs for the ONZP. * [IESO LMP Real Time 5 Min Intertie](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_real_time_5_min_intertie) - Real-time 5 minute LMPs and their component costs for Ontario’s intertie points. Interfaces by neighboring region * **Québec (PQ)**: PQ.BEAUHARNOIS\_PQBE, PQ.BRYSON\_PQXY, PQ.KIPAWA\_PQHZ, PQ.MACLAREN\_PQDA, PQ.MASSON\_PQHA, PQ.OUTAOUAIS\_PQAT, PQ.PAUGAN\_PQPC, PQ.QUYON\_PQQC, PQ.RAPIDDESISLE\_PQDZ * **New York ISO (NY)**: EC.MARITIMES\_NYSI, NY.ROSETON\_NYSI * **Manitoba (MB)**: MB.SEVENSISTERS\_MBSK, MB.WHITESHELL\_MBSI * **Michigan (MI)**: MI.LUDINGTON\_MISI, MI.LUDINGTON.SOURCE, WC.PRAIRERANGES\_MISI, MD.CALVERTCLIFF\_MISI, MD.CALVERTCLIFF\_NYSI * **Minnesota (MN)**: MN.INTFALLS\_MNSI * [IESO LMP Real Time 5 Min All](http://gridstatus.io/datasets/ieso_lmp_real_time_5_min_all)- Real time 5 minute LMPs and their cost components for all pricing locations in Ontario, including nodes, virtual zones, interties, and the Ontario Zonal Price. \
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